NUCLEUS Experiment

NUCLEUS is an experiment for a precision measurement of the coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEνNS) of nuclei. This process is a tool to search for new physics beyond the Standard Model and to understand the properties of its most elusive particles, neutrinos. The international collaboration developed cryogenic detectors with record-low energy threshold. The exeriment is under commissionging and is going to be operated at the Chooz nuclear power plant in France. This nuclear reactor will deliver a large flux of anti-neutrinos with energies of a few MeV, enabling the study of CEνNS with high statistics.

BULLKID

BULLKID is an innovative detector to search for coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering and GeV/sub-GeV Dark Matter interactions. It implements an unique technology to easily reach large target masses and low energy thresholds, by exploiting the high multiplexing capabilities of superconducting kinetic inductance detectors deposited on monolithic arrays of cubic absorbers carved in silicon wafers. We are currently designing a Dark Matter experiment implementing 2000+ absorbers. The program is supported by the ERC-CoG grant "DANAE".

CUORE Experiment

CUORE (Cryogenic Underground Observatory for Rare Events) studies the possible neutrinoless double beta decay (0νββ) of 130Te with a sensitivity to a half life of 1x1026 yr (68% C.L.), which corresponds to an effective neutrino mass of less than 100 meV. The primary physics goal of CUORE is to determine whether 0νββ occurs and, if so, to determine the half-life of the process, the Majorana/Dirac nature of the neutrino, the neutrino mass scale, and mass hierarchy. CUORE is currently taking data in Hall A at LNGS. The CUORE detector is a tightly packed array of 988 cryogenic TeO2 bolometers, of 750 g each, for a total mass of 741 kg of TeO2. The CUORE detector is housed in a specially built cryostat and cooled to about 10 mK by a pulse-tube-assisted dilution refrigerator.

CALDER R&D [Concluded]

CALDER (Cryogenic wide-Area Light Detectors with Excellent Resolution) contributes in settling an important issues that particle physics is now facing: Is the neutrino a standard particle or is it equal to its own antiparticle, as predicted by Ettore Majorana? The answer is of fundamental importance in the global framework of particle interactions and in cosmology, and could come from the observation of a rare nuclear process called "neutrinoless double beta decay". CALDER developed high-sensitivity and fast cryogenic light detectors for the identification of double beta decay in cryogenic bolometers, for application in future experiments. The technology is based on superconducting Kinetic Inductance Detectors (KIDs) which feature the fastest response time in the field. CALDER was supported by an ERC-StG.

Selected publications

  1. M. Lusignoli and M. Vignati, Relic Antineutrino Capture on 163Ho decaying Nuclei,Phys. Lett. B 697 (2011) 11.
  2. S. Di Domizio, F. Orio, and M. Vignati, “Lowering the energy threshold of large-mass bolometric detectors , JINST 6 (2011) P02007
  3. J. W. Beeman et al., Discrimination of α and β/γ interactions in a TeO2 bolometer, Astropart. Phys. 35 (2012) 558
  4. K. Alfonso et al. [CUORE Coll.], Search for Neutrinoless Double-Beta Decay of 130Te with CUORE-0 Phys. Rev. Lett. 115 (2015) 102502
  5. C. Bellenghi, D. Chiesa, L. Di Noto, M. Pallavicini, E. Previtali and M. Vignati, Coherent elastic nuclear scattering of 51Cr neutrinos, Eur. Phys. J. C 79 (2019) 727.
  6. L. Cardani, et al., Reducing the impact of radioactivity on quantum circuits in a deep-underground facility, Nat. Commun. 12 (2021) 2733
  7. L. Cardani, et al., Final results of CALDER: kinetic inductance light detectors to search for rare events, Eur. Phys. J. C 81 (2021) 636
  8. H. Abele, et al., Observation of a nuclear recoil peak at the 100 eV energy scale induced by neutron capture, Phys. Rev. Lett. 130 (2023) 211802
  9. A. Cruciani, et al., BULLKID: Monolithic array of particle absorbers sensed by Kinetic Inductance Detectors, Appl. Phys. Lett. 121 (2022) 213504.
  10. D. Delicato, et al., Low-energy spectrum of the BULLKID detector array operated on surface, arXiv:2308.14399